12916nam a22002417a 4500 20250217192128.0 s2009 eng d 9780230576629 NALT eng KD 35.G7 A52C 2009 Alder, John Constitutional and administrative law [7th] Cambridge : Palgrave macmillan, 2009 480 p. ; 24 cm. General Principles -- Part 1 Introduction: constitutional themes and structures -- 1 1.1 What is Constitutional Law? -- 1.2 Written and Unwritten Constitutions -- 1.3 Conventions, Non-Legal Mechanisms -- 1.4 The Legal and the Political Constitution -- 1.5 Definitions of a Constitution -- 1.6 Types of Constitution -- 1.7 Public and Private Law -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 2 Underlying political values: liberalism -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Varieties of Liberalism -- 2.2.1 Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679): The Impersonal State and Individualism -- 2.2.2 John Locke (1632-1704): Individual Rights and Majority Government -- 2.2.3 David Hume (1711-76), Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832), John Stuart M (1806-73): Utilitarianism and Welfare Liberalism -- 2.2.4 Robert Nozick (1938-2002): 'Libertarian' Liberalism -- 2.2.5 Fredrich Hayek (1899-1992): Economic Liberalism -- 2.2.6 Isaiah Berlin (1907-97): Positive and Negative Freedom2.2.7 Liberal Pluralism: Group Liberalism -- 2.3 Republicanism -- 2.4 Equality -- 2.5 Democracy -- 1.5.1 Representative Democracy -- 2.5.2 Participatory Democracy -- 2.5.3 Market Democracy Political Parties -- 2.5.4 Parliamentary and Presidential Systems Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 3 The sources of the constitution -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Statute Law -- 3.3 The Common Law -- 3.4 Constitutional Conventions -- 3.4.1 Definitions and Binding Force -- 3.4.2 Law and Convention -- 3.4.3 The Purposes of Conventions -- 3.4.4 Why Conventions Are Obeyed -- 3.4.5 Codification of Conventions -- 3.5 Constitutional Silence and Abeyance -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 4 Historical outline -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The Medieval Period -- 4.3 The Tudor Period -- 4.4 The Seventeenth Century Revolution -- 4.5 The Eighteenth and Early Nineteenth Centuries: The Parliamentary System -- 4.6 The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Democracy and the Central State -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 5 An overview of the main institutions of the UK constitution -- 5.1 Introduction: The Dignified and Efficient Constitution -- 5.2 Legislature and Executive -- 5.2.1 The legal Level -- 5.2.2 The Level of Conventions -- 5.2.3 Political Practice -- 5.3 The Judicial Branch -- 5.3.1 The Appointment and Dismissal of Judges -- 5.3.2 Tribunals -- 5.3.3 Inquiries -- 5.4 'Ad Hoc Bodies' -- 5.5 Local Government -- 5.6 The Police -- 5.7 The Privy Council -- 5.8 The Church of England -- 5.9 Standards in Government -- 5.9.1 Ombudsmen -- 5.10 Constitutional Reform: Not Seriously On The Agenda -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 6 The territory and regions of the UK -- 6.1 Introduction: The Notion of the State -- 6.2 Citizenship -- 6.3 Federalism -- 6.4 Devolution -- 6.4.1 Scotland -- 6.4.2 Northern Ireland -- 6.4.3 Wales -- 6.4.4 England -- 6.5 The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man -- 6.6 Overseas Territories -- 6.7 International Treaties -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 7 The rule of law -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Historical Background -- 7.3 Different Versions of the Rule of Law -- 7.4 The Core Rule of Law -- 7.4.1 The Rule of Law and Freedom -- 7.4.2 Dicey's Version of the Rule of Law -- 7.5 The 'Amplified' Rule of Law -- 7.6 The Extended (Liberal) Rule of Law -- 7.7 The International Rule of Law -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 8 The separation of powers -- 8.1 Introduction: Montesquieu's Doctrine of the Separation of Powers -- 8.2 The Mixed Constitution -- 8.3 Other Kinds of Separation -- 8.4 Judicial Independence -- 8.5 The Separation of Powers in the UK -- 8.6 Separation of Function -- 8.6.1 Parliament and the Executive: Delegated Legislation -- 8.6.2 Parliament and the Courts -- 8.6.3 The Executive and the Courts -- 8.7 Separation of Personnel -- 8.7.1 The Lord Chancellor -- 8.8 Checks and Balances -- 8.8.1The Executive and the Legislature -- 8.8.2 The Executive and the Courts: Judicial Appointments and Dismissals -- 8.8.3 Removal of Judges -- 8.8.4 Judicial Review -- 8.8.5 Parliament and the Courts -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 9 Parliamentary supremacy -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Meaning of Parliamentary Supremacy -- 9.3 The Three Facets of Parliamentary Supremacy -- 9.4 Challenging Parliamentary Supremacy -- 9.4.1 Grants of Independence -- 9.4.2 Acts of Union: Was Parliament Bom Unfree? -- 9.4.3 Redefinition Theory -- 9.4.4 European Community Law -- 9.4.5 The Common Law -- 9.5 Parliamentary Supremacy and the Rule of Law -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 10 The European Union -- 10.1 Introduction: The Nature of the European Union -- 10.2 Institutions 10.2.1 The Council of Ministers -- 10.2.2 The European Council -- 10.2.3 The European Commission -- 10.2.4 The European Parliament -- 10.2.5 The European Court of Justice -- 10.3 Community Law and National Law -- 10.3.1 Direct Applicability and Direct Effect -- 10.3.2 Indirect Effect -- 10.3.3 State Liability -- 10.3.4 Effective Remedies -- 10.4 Democracy and the European Union -- 10.5 Federalism and the European Union -- 10.6 The Lisbon Treaty -- Summary -- Exercises - Further reading -- Government Institutions -- 11 Parliament: constitutional position -- 11.1Introduction -- 11.2 The House of Lords -- 11.3 The Meeting of Parliament -- 11.4 The Functions of the House of Commons -- 11.5 The Functions of the House of Lords -- 11.6 The Parliament Acts -- 11.7 Parliamentary Privilege -- 11.7.1 Contempt of Parliament -- 11.7.2 'Exclusive Cognisance' -- 11.7.3 Freedom of Speech -- 11.7.4 Publication of Parliamentary Business -- 11.8 Standards in the Commons -- 11.9 Standards in the House of Lords -- 11.10 The Courts and Parliament -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 12 The composition of Parliament and parliamentary elections -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 The House of Lords -- 12.3 Reform of the House of Lords -- 12.4 Membership of the House of Commons -- 12.5 The Electoral System -- 12.5.1 The Purpose of Elections -- 12.5.2 The Electoral Commission -- 12.5.3 General Elections and By-elections -- 12.5.4 Candidates -- 12.6 Eligibility to Vote -- 12.7 The Voting System -- 12.7.1 Other Voting Systems: the Devolved Goverments -- 12.8 The Constituencies -- 12.9 Voting Procedures -- 12.10 Election Campaigns -- 12.10.1 Campaign Expenses -- 12.10.2 Broadcasting and the Press -- 12.10.3 Election Disputes -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 13 Parliamentary procedure -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2The Speaker of the Commons -- 13.3 Legislative Procedure -- 13.3.1 Public Bills -- 13.3.2 Private Bills -- 13.4 Government Control over Procedure: Cutting Short Debate -- 13.5 Financial Procedure -- 13.5.1 Taxation Procedure -- 13.5.2 Supply Procedure mbA -- 13.6 Supervision of the Executive -- 13.6.1 Questions -- 13.6.2 Debates -- 13.6.3 Select Committees -- 13.6.4 Supervising Expenditure -- 13.6.5 Scrutiny of Delegated Legislation -- 13.7 Redress of Grievances -- 13.8 The Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration -- 13.9 House of Lords Procedure -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 14 The Crown -- 14.1 Introduction: The Nature of the Crown -- 14.2 Succession to the Monarchy -- 14.3 Financing the Monarchy -- 14.4 The Personal Powers of the Monarch -- 14.5 Crown Immunities -- 14.6 The Royal Prerogative -- 14.6.1 Modem Prerogative Powers -- 14.6.2 Two Kinds of Prerogative Power? -- 14.6.3 Polical Control over the Prerogative -- 14.6.4 Judicial Control -- 14.6.5 Prerogative and Statute -- 14.6.6 Prerogative and Human Rights -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 15 Ministers and departments -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 The Powers of the Prime Minister -- 15.3 The Cabinet -- 15.4 Ministers -- 15.5 Government Departments -- 15.5.1 The Treasury -- 15.6 The Law Officers -- 15.7 Ministerial Responsibility -- 15.7.1 Collective Responsibility -- 15.7.2 Individual Responsibility -- 15.7.3 Resignation -- 15.8 Civil Servants -- 15.8.1 Legal Status of a Civil Servant -- 15.8.2 Appointments -- 15.8.3 Discipline -- 15.8.4 Special Advisers -- 15.8.5 Civil Servants and Ministerial Responsibility -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- Administrative Law -- 16 The grounds of judicial review, I: Illegality and ultra vires -- 16.1 Introduction: The Constitutional Basis of Judicial Review -- 16.2 Appeal and Review -- 16.3 Nullity: Void and Voidable Decisions -- 16.4 Classification of the Grounds of Review -- 16.5 legality: 'Narrow' Ultra Vires -- 16.6 legality: Errors of Law and Fact -- 16.6.1 Errors and the ECHR -- 16.7 'Wide' Ultra Vires: Improper Purposes and Irrelevant Considerations -- 16.8 Fettering Discretion -- 16.9 Legitimate Expectations -- 16.9.1 Reliance -- 16.9.2 Consequences -- 16.10 Duty and Discretion -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 17 The grounds of judicial review, II: Beyond ultra vires -- 17.1 Irrationality/Unreasonableness -- 17.1.1 Proportionality -- 17.2 Procedural Impropriety: Statutory Procedural Requirements -- 17.3 Procedural Impropriety: The Right to a Fair Hearing -- 17.4 Procedural Impropriety: Bias -- 17.4.1 Financial interests -- 17.4.2 Parties to the case -- 17.4.3 Other personal connections -- 17.5 Procedural Impropriety: Reasons for Decisions -- 17.6 Natural Justice and the European Convention on Human Rights -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 18 Judicial review remedies -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 The Range of Remedies -- 18.3 The Judicial Review Procedure -- 18.4 Standing (Locus Standi) -- 18.5 Choice of Procedure: Public and Private Law -- 18.5.1 Public Law Matters: Scope of the Judicial Review Procedure -- 18.5.2 Exclusivity -- 18.6 The Exclusion of Judicial Review -- 18.6.1 Justiciability -- 18.6.2 Statutory Exclusion of Review -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- Human Rights -- 19 Human rights and civil liberties -- 19.1 Introduction: The Bill of Rights Debate -- 19.2 The Common Law -- 19.3 The European Convention on Human Rights -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 20 The Human Rights Act 1998 -- 20.1 General Scope of the Act -- 20.1.1 Extraterritorial Application -- 20.2 The Interpretative Obligation -- 20.3 Declaration of Incompatibility -- 20.4 Remedies 20.5 Public Authorities -- 20.6 Horizontal Effect -- 20.7 Overriding Protected Rights -- 20.7.1 Proportionality -- 20.7.2 Margin of Discretion -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 21 Freedom of expression and assembly -- 21.1 Introduction: Justifications for Freedom of Expression -- 21.2 The Legal Status of Freedom of Expression -- 21.3 Press Freedom and Censorship -- 21.4 The Free Flow of Information -- 21.5 Press Freedom and Reputation: Defamation -- 21.5.1 Public Bodies -- 21.5.2 Damages -- 21.5.3 Responsible Journalism -- 21.6 Press Freedom and Privacy -- 21.7 Hate Speech' -- 21.7.1 Racism and Sexual orientation -- 21.7.2 Religion -- 21.7.3 Political Protest -- 21.8 Demonstrations and Meetings -- 21.8.1 Police Powers -- 21.8.2 Public Order Offences -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- 22 Exceptional powers: security, state secrecy and emergencies -- 22.1 Introduction: Security and the Courts -- 22.2 Access to Information -- 22.2.1 The Freedom of Information Act 2000 -- 22.2.2 Other Statutory Rights to Information -- 22.3 Disclosure of Government Information -- 22.3.1 The Official Secrets Act 1989: Criminal Law -- 22.3.2 Civil Liability: Breach of Confidence -- 22.3.3 Public Interest Immunity -- 22.3.4 Special Advocates -- 22.4 The Security and Inteligence Services -- 22.5 Surveillance -- 22.6 Emergency Powers -- 22.7 Anti-terrorism Measures -- 22.7.1 Definition of Terrorism -- 22.7.2 Proscription -- 22.7.3 Arrest and Pre-charge Detention -- 22.7.4 Stop and Search -- 22.7.5 Control Orders -- 22.7.6 Terrorist Assets -- 22.7.7 Other Terrorist Offences and Powers -- Summary -- Exercises -- Further reading -- Index. Administrative law -- Great Britain Constitution law -- Great Britain NALT LB lcc 61051 61051 25 นีลวัสน์ อินทรักษา 0 0 0 0 CLAW NALT NALT จัดซื้อทรัพยากร 1245.00 0 KD 35.G7 A52C 2009 3961181535 2017-06-09 00:00:00 1295.00 2017-06-09 LB